{"id":72,"date":"2019-02-25T10:47:06","date_gmt":"2019-02-25T07:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mehmetbalci.net\/?p=72"},"modified":"2019-02-25T10:49:22","modified_gmt":"2019-02-25T07:49:22","slug":"osilator-kare-dalga-ureteci-tipleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/2019\/02\/25\/osilator-kare-dalga-ureteci-tipleri\/","title":{"rendered":"OS\u0130LAT\u00d6R (Kare Dalga \u00dcreteci) T\u0130PLER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"\/<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Osilat\u00f6rler hem frekans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 hem de \u00fcretildikleri devre elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak baz\u0131 standart tipler belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu tipler programlama esnas\u0131nda PIC\u2019deki konfig\u00fcrasyon bitlerine yaz\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

RC Osilat\u00f6r<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir diren\u00e7 ve kondansat\u00f6rden olu\u015fan, yap\u0131sal olarak en basit \u00f6silat\u00f6r tipidir. Maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok ucuzdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcrettikleri kare dalgalar\u0131n frekans de\u011ferleri zaman i\u00e7erisinde farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6sterdi\u011finden kararl\u0131 olmayan bir tiptir. Bu y\u00fczden zamanlaman\u0131n \u00e7ok hassas olmas\u0131 gerekemeyen durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu sapma %20\u2019lere kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu \u015fu anlama gelir; 100 MHz\u2019lik bir osilat\u00f6r bize 80-120 Mhz aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011ferler sunabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 12. RC Osilat\u00f6r Devresi ve \u00d6rnek Tablo<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kristal Kontroll\u00fc Osilat\u00f6r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Herhangi bir diren\u00e7 ve kondansat\u00f6r ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 gerekmeyen sadece bir metal kutu \u015feklinde bir osilat\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Kararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 zamanlamas\u0131 hassast\u0131r. \u00dczerinde yazan de\u011fer neyse o frekansta bir kare dalga sinyal \u00fcretir. Genelde zaman hesaplamalar\u0131n\u0131n kolay olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 4 MHz’lik osilat\u00f6rler tercih edilir. PIC\u2019in i\u00e7indeki d\u00e2hili frekans\u0131n \u00bc\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde PIC\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma frekans\u0131 1 MHz olur. \u00c7o\u011fu komutun 1 kare dalgada y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa 1 komut 1 \u00b5s\u2019de i\u015fletilmi\u015f olur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 13. Kristal Kontroll\u00fc Osilat\u00f6r Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 14. Kristal Kontroll\u00fc Osilat\u00f6r<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

NOT:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osilat\u00f6rlerin \u00fcretti\u011fi kare dalga sinyalin frekans\u0131 PIC\u2019in i\u00e7erisinde \u00bc\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fer. Yani osilat\u00f6r frekans\u0131n\u0131z ka\u00e7 ise PIC osilat\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00bc\u2019\u00fc frekansta \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki her iki osilat\u00f6r tipinde de Osilat\u00f6r ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 OSC1’den yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve OSC2 pini bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bo\u015ftaki OSC2 pini kare dalga \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f almak gerekti\u011finde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Buradan al\u0131nan kare dalga ba\u015fka devrelere osilat\u00f6r ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 yerine kullan\u0131labilir. OSC2\u2019den al\u0131nan kare dalga PIC\u2019in i\u00e7inden geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in burada d\u00e2hili frekans yani OSC1\u2019in \u00bc\u2019\u00fc al\u0131nabilir.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kristal Kondansat\u00f6r Osilat\u00f6r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir kristal ve iki adet kondansat\u00f6rden olu\u015fan osilat\u00f6r devreleridir. Kullan\u0131lacak her iki kondansat\u00f6r\u00fcn de\u011feri de e\u015fit olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 zamanlama olarak hassast\u0131r. Elde edilecek frekans de\u011ferinin hassasiyeti kullan\u0131lacak kondansat\u00f6rlerin de\u011ferlerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 15. Kristal Kondansat\u00f6r Osilat\u00f6r Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 16. Kristal<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 17. Kondansat\u00f6r<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 18. Kristal Kondansat\u00f6r Osilat\u00f6r i\u00e7in \u00d6rnek De\u011ferler Tablosu<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Seramik Resonat\u00f6r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yap\u0131 olarak Kristal Kontroll\u00fc Osilat\u00f6r ile ayn\u0131d\u0131r; fakat burada iki adet kondansat\u00f6r ve bir adet kristal tek bir devre eleman\u0131 olarak birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir ve seramik resonat\u00f6r olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. \u0130\u00e7erisinde kondansat\u00f6rleri haz\u0131r oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kondansat\u00f6r de\u011ferlerini ayarlamak gerekmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kristaller kadar kararl\u0131 olmasa da zamanlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hassas osilat\u00f6rlerden biridir. Frekans de\u011ferinden yakla\u015f\u0131k %1,3 sapma g\u00f6sterebilir. Geni\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131klar\u0131nda kristallerden daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Yakla\u015f\u0131k -20C ila +80C aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir. Kristalli osilat\u00f6rlere nazaran daha ucuz bir devre eleman\u0131d\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 19. Seramik Resonat\u00f6r Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/<\/a>
\u015eekil 20. Seramik Resonat\u00f6r<\/strong> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

NOT:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

PIC\u2019e yap\u0131lan ba\u011flant\u0131da OSC1 ve OSC2 pinlerinin ikisini de kullanan osilat\u00f6r tiplerinde osilat\u00f6r\u00fcn hangi ucun OSC1’e ya da OSC2\u2019ye ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Osilat\u00f6rler hem frekans s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 hem de \u00fcretildikleri devre elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak baz\u0131 standart tipler belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu tipler programlama esnas\u0131nda PIC\u2019deki konfig\u00fcrasyon bitlerine yaz\u0131l\u0131r. RC…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mikrodenetleyicilier","entry","simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72\/revisions\/76"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehmetbalci.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}